{"id":8083,"date":"2025-04-23T12:35:06","date_gmt":"2025-04-23T12:35:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.opensource-db.in\/wp1\/?p=8083"},"modified":"2025-04-23T12:35:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T12:35:12","slug":"efficient-postgresql-backup-management-using-incremental-backups-in-pgbarman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.opensource-db.in\/wp1\/efficient-postgresql-backup-management-using-incremental-backups-in-pgbarman\/","title":{"rendered":"Efficient PostgreSQL Backup Management Using Incremental Backups in pgBarman"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As database environments grow in size and complexity, managing efficient and reliable backups becomes critical\u2014especially in enterprise setups where downtime and data loss are not an option. <code>pgBarman<\/code> offers powerful features for automating and managing PostgreSQL backups, including support for <strong>incremental backups<\/strong> that can dramatically reduce storage consumption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this blog post, we&#8217;ll walk through a real-world scenario where we transitioned from a daily full backup strategy to a more efficient model: retaining just one full backup with remaining incremental backups. This change was driven by storage constraints and aimed at maintaining recovery capabilities without compromising retention or performance. If you&#8217;re looking for a complete configuration, click <a href=\"https:\/\/test.opensource-db.in\/wp1\/setting-up-and-configuring-pgbarman\/\">here<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We\u2019ll explore:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>How to configure and enable incremental backups in pgBarman<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The storage savings achieved through deduplication<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How Barman handles backup retention and promotes incremental backups to full when needed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whether you&#8217;re a DBA looking to optimize your backup strategy or exploring pgBarman for the first time, this guide will offer practical insights and hands-on examples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Configuring Incremental backup<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pgBarman supports file-level incremental backups, allowing substantial space savings by reusing unchanged data from previous backups. We all know that the server configuration file would usually be located in \/etc\/barman.d\/ . We can take the incremental in one of the following two ways:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#Adding reuse_backup = link in configuration file\n&#91;barman@localhost ~]$ vi \/etc\/barman.d\/edb-server.conf\nreuse_backup = link\n\n#Using through the barman command\nbarman backup --reuse-backup=link edb-server<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We have server configuration file <code>edb-server<\/code> . Let&#8217;s see the how we are getting the incremental backup<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#Running the backup command after adding the reuse_backup = link to edb-server.conf\n&#91;barman@localhost ~]$ barman backup edb-server\nWARNING: No backup strategy set for server 'edb-server' (using default 'concurrent_backup').\nStarting backup using rsync-concurrent method for server edb-server in \/var\/lib\/barman\/backups\/base\/20250422T040627\nBackup start at LSN: 0\/11000028 (000000020000000000000011, 00000028)\nStarting backup copy via rsync\/SSH for 20250422T040627\nCopy done (time: 1 second)\nAsking PostgreSQL server to finalize the backup.\nBackup size: 67.1 MiB. Actual size on disk: 8.7 KiB (-99.99% deduplication ratio).\nBackup end at LSN: 0\/11000100 (000000020000000000000011, 00000100)\nBackup completed (start time: 2025-04-22 04:06:27.804322, elapsed time: 5 seconds)\nProcessing xlog segments from streaming for edb-server\n        000000020000000000000010\n        000000020000000000000011<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If we observe the above output of the command, we see deduplication happens (-99.99%). Let&#8217;s see the size of the backups on the disk. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;barman@localhost ~]$ cd \/var\/lib\/barman\/backups\/base\/\n&#91;barman@localhost base]$ ls -ltr\ntotal 0\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 00:39 20250422T003958\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 01:03 20250422T010218\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 01:06 20250422T010514\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 02:13 20250422T021317\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 04:06 20250422T040627\n&#91;barman@localhost base]$ du -sh *\n61M     20250422T003958\n8.5M    20250422T010218\n8.5M    20250422T010514\n2.9M    20250422T021317\n80K     20250422T040627<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We can see the old and first(full) backup <code>20250422T003958<\/code> is of <code>61M<\/code> . Remaining 4 backups are incremental backups. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Retention Policy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Assuming a retention policy is in place, what happens to the oldest (first) full backup that is currently available?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For the demo purpose , I have configured a retention policy as 5 backups.I currently have 5 backups: 1 full backup followed by 4 incremental backups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Checking the list of backups that are available\n&#91;barman@localhost ~]$ barman list-backup edb-server\nWARNING: No backup strategy set for server 'edb-server' (using default 'concurrent_backup').\nedb-server 20250422T040627 - R - Tue Apr 22 04:06:17 2025 - Size: 67.1 MiB - WAL Size: 0 B #Incremental backup\nedb-server 20250422T021317 - R - Tue Apr 22 02:13:07 2025 - Size: 67.1 MiB - WAL Size: 48.3 KiB #Incremental backup\nedb-server 20250422T010514 - R - Tue Apr 22 01:06:09 2025 - Size: 67.1 MiB - WAL Size: 27.3 KiB #Incremental backup \nedb-server 20250422T010218 - R - Tue Apr 22 01:03:13 2025 - Size: 63.6 MiB - WAL Size: 1.5 MiB #Incremental and second oldest backup \nedb-server 20250422T003958 - R - Tue Apr 22 00:40:12 2025 - Size: 60.1 MiB - WAL Size: 1.5 MiB #Full and oldest backup<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here, we will initiate a new backup with the expectation that the oldest full backup (<code>20250422T003958<\/code>) will be removed, and the second oldest incremental backup (<code>20250422T010218<\/code>) will be promoted to a full backup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#Taking a backup \n&#91;barman@localhost base]$ barman backup edb-server\nWARNING: No backup strategy set for server 'edb-server' (using default 'concurrent_backup').\nStarting backup using rsync-concurrent method for server edb-server in \/var\/lib\/barman\/backups\/base\/20250422T052117\nBackup start at LSN: 0\/13000028 (000000020000000000000013, 00000028)\nStarting backup copy via rsync\/SSH for 20250422T052117\nCopy done (time: 1 second)\nAsking PostgreSQL server to finalize the backup.\nBackup size: 67.1 MiB. Actual size on disk: 848.2 KiB (-98.77% deduplication ratio). # Deduplication applys \nBackup end at LSN: 0\/13000138 (000000020000000000000013, 00000138)\nBackup completed (start time: 2025-04-22 05:21:18.069937, elapsed time: 4 seconds)\nProcessing xlog segments from streaming for edb-server\n        000000020000000000000012\n        000000020000000000000013\n&#91;barman@localhost base]$ barman list-backup edb-server\nWARNING: No backup strategy set for server 'edb-server' (using default 'concurrent_backup').\nedb-server 20250422T052117 - R - Tue Apr 22 05:21:07 2025 - Size: 67.1 MiB - WAL Size: 0 B\nedb-server 20250422T040627 - R - Tue Apr 22 04:06:17 2025 - Size: 67.1 MiB - WAL Size: 32.3 KiB\nedb-server 20250422T021317 - R - Tue Apr 22 02:13:07 2025 - Size: 67.1 MiB - WAL Size: 48.3 KiB\nedb-server 20250422T010514 - R - Tue Apr 22 01:06:09 2025 - Size: 67.1 MiB - WAL Size: 27.3 KiB\nedb-server 20250422T010218 - R - Tue Apr 22 01:03:13 2025 - Size: 63.6 MiB - WAL Size: 1.5 MiB\nedb-server 20250422T003958 - R - Tue Apr 22 00:40:12 2025 - Size: 60.1 MiB - WAL Size: 1.5 MiB - OBSOLETE <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We can see the backup <code>0250422T003958<\/code> is obsolete. Let see whether it is converting the second backup <code>20250422T010218<\/code> into a full backup or not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;barman@localhost base]$ ls -ltr\ntotal 0\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 01:03 20250422T010218\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 01:06 20250422T010514\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 02:13 20250422T021317\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 04:06 20250422T040627\ndrwxr-xr-x. 3 barman barman 18 Apr 22 05:21 20250422T052117\n&#91;barman@localhost base]$ du -sh *\n64M     20250422T010218 \n8.5M    20250422T010514\n2.9M    20250422T021317\n80K     20250422T040627\n912K    20250422T052117<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We can see the second oldest backup (20250422T010218) is converted into full backup.I have configured a retention policy as 5 backups for the demo purpose. Alter this parameter <code>retention_policy<\/code> as per your requirement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this blog, we demonstrated how PostgreSQL backup strategies can be optimized using pgBarman\u2019s incremental backup feature. By configuring <code>reuse_backup = link<\/code>, we enabled file-level incremental backups, allowing pgBarman to reuse unchanged data blocks from previous backups. This approach significantly reduces storage usage, as shown by real backup sizes dropping due to deduplication. We also explored how pgBarman&#8217;s retention policy manages backups automatically removing the oldest full backup once the retention limit is reached and promoting the next incremental backup to full. This ensures data consistency while maintaining a lightweight and efficient backup chain. Such a setup is especially beneficial for environments facing storage constraints, offering a practical and scalable solution for maintaining reliable and space-efficient backups.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As database environments grow in size and complexity, managing efficient and reliable backups becomes critical\u2014especially in enterprise setups where downtime [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":8098,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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