{"id":4474,"date":"2023-09-20T08:23:51","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T08:23:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.opensource-db.in\/wp1\/?p=4474"},"modified":"2023-09-20T10:45:28","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T10:45:28","slug":"postgres-beyond-basics-exploring-postgis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.opensource-db.in\/wp1\/postgres-beyond-basics-exploring-postgis\/","title":{"rendered":"Postgres beyond basics : Exploring PostGIS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Introduction:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PostGIS is a popular extension for PostgreSQL that adds support for geographic and spatial data types and functions, allowing you to work with location-based data in your database.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PostGIS extends PostgreSQL by introducing new data types and functions for storing, querying, and analyzing spatial data, such as points, lines, polygons, and more complex geometries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Installation of PostGIS:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We can download and install from the source code using the below URL:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/postgis.net\/development\/source_code\/\">https:\/\/postgis.net\/development\/source_code\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To compile assuming you have all the dependencies in your search path:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>tar -xvfz postgis-3.3.5dev.tar.gz\ncd postgis-3.3.5dev\n.\/configure\nmake\nmake install<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Login to psql and we can check if the postgis are available in the pg_available_extensions view<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"71\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/imct9vckJhsD4XnzpOCtsU_6t3XF5u47wJYWhm7yKYe7_MRkHHV33AQBg0TGfbLdzo3PcFAJqJJ6BgRHVake79lRncqDS8r4FI6zF9siVtuemTnqWT8O4UQw4V8JIdNLwlGt4t2lpS-u7Cchlm8cbQc-gNlwK-W9\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>osdb=# create extension postgis ;\nCREATE EXTENSION<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"284\" height=\"38\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/TNjTszsohOxD__pujxjATlIsdULGXq0CWqwdcwgtWW_WUTErP5Ui6Kxf8Cdse5B1K6KCFqOI9oLlYSYdQdardm97G1I3JlCUZSXg8cK2ZDQtDMl3cSa3PQFac056uwK77kytCWUdDUre4cJf6Ww224ApPEMdYgVq\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We can check postgis in installed extensions<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"101\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/P_BHoZCJ31tk0tHCtGcYmOkj1dPQr80q3qnktqBishybTPLA7D9T3aPqFA3zDUHd_G3q4sHbRXhsI0QhU2T_zgrwsvwqBk_FDaYLtiY76928KzivWLgj6tsy5Dz1_DB8FFbaHlFwpiWG1ftmmYdbb2oflkV3CWpW\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And we need to install some of the dependent postgis extensions as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>osdb=# create extension postgis_raster ;\nosdb=# create extension postgis_sfcgal ;\nosdb=# create extension fuzzystrmatch; --needed for postgis_tiger_geocoder \nosdb=# create extension postgis_tiger_geocoder;\nosdb=# create extension postgis_topology;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"146\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/9UdJd5OQOONHjxNamBIE_EAnVaziNC20QNmuFk1hCUG1sN5qSPEGtvm_m_IR4ZISNswyrrE3lgGR14NoL3yYCnT3GX1_IsWif_Jh2PIyEtPXF7znSrXFccbsQ4DC-F4McZUmzSEu6qxxPg32ThbBGvD_MGMD4YXc\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Here is an example of how to use the PostGIS extension:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now, let&#8217;s create a table to store geographic data. We&#8217;ll create a simple table to store points representing cities:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>CREATE TABLE cities (\n  id serial PRIMARY KEY,\n  name varchar(100),\n  location geography(Point, 4326)\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"276\" height=\"102\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/sIJUOCfR5sGVu4Hxavg1YlJKptUqroK4N2F9DVfsRbooQEkHFpnySWMTQpwHS7R_vU-87qnEheGTJLobMZc2wP_ZfR4RYLrUbnR71oj3Afdtagnxxcl_LRtwtkQepJZ4YatO2H-6TJUW3dlco-E1ULFUlWYLKc-7\" alt=\"C:\\Users\\lenovo\\Desktop\\postgis_create_table.png\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In this table:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>id is an auto-incrementing primary key.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>name is the name of the city.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>location is a geography column that stores point coordinates in the WGS 84 (EPSG:4326) coordinate system.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We can insert some sample data into the cities table, including the geographic coordinates of cities.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>INSERT INTO cities (name, location) VALUES\n  ('New York', ST_GeogFromText('POINT(-74.006, 40.7128)')),\n  ('Los Angeles', ST_GeogFromText('POINT(-118.2437, 34.0522)')),\n  ('Chicago', ST_GeogFromText('POINT(-87.6298, 41.8781)'));\n  ('Middletown', ST_GeogFromText('POINT(-56.006 38.7128)'));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"147\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/8LaIGC9cx_7Gf6NDmbRNRkvtoxesNvhC0YTw0iFDmT9fzvFkwpNgDNkjcbZjvYibM-65ODtDJIS0BhyX5PveNuVOvWUzy6wftzQa5yGzjJ2R2d1DcK6vEg5VQB2P0UxicVlhUnGWoRE-UrnUxNNX3lU\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can perform various spatial queries on your data. For example, to find cities within a certain distance of a point, you can use the ST_DWithin function:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>osdb=# SELECT name FROM cities \nWHERE ST_DWithin(ST_SetSRID(location, 4326)::geography, \n                 ST_GeomFromText('POINT(-56.006 38.7128)',4326)::geography, \n                 1600000 -\u2013distance in meters);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   name    \n------------\n New York\n Middletown\n(2 rows)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This query will return the names of cities within 1600 kilometers of Middletown City.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/yPYAWkX8ruW4SXIiPiDDVLAdTromHRmvqoQzJ6peIp3jnGiy_egx0XLj_U12-MjfdhgtZKFfLCnNgG6FH6rwsZmjL8H5pjqErW8ZjWggHpfzFqlvenV_4J_AnAFS10lp70y0GG2kuWwaceyE7He8qOA\" width=\"624\" height=\"159\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Conclusion:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That&#8217;s a basic example of how to use the PostGIS extension in PostgreSQL to work with geographic data. PostGIS provides a wide range of functions for more advanced spatial analysis and manipulation of geographic data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PostGIS is an open-source and flexible extension that adds spatial capabilities to PostgreSQL, making it a robust choice for applications that involve geographic and spatial data. It&#8217;s widely used in various domains, including urban planning, environmental science, transportation, and location-based services.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: PostGIS is a popular extension for PostgreSQL that adds support for geographic and spatial data types and functions, allowing 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